A2 · Lesson 6 · 12 min

The preterite: completed past events

Tell a sequence of completed Spanish past events with regular preterite endings, written accents and time expressions that establish a finished context.

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What you’ll learn

  • Form the regular preterite for -ar, -er and -ir verbs.
  • Narrate events viewed as completed wholes.
  • Distinguish hablo from habló and trabajé from trabaje.

View an event as a completed whole

The preterite presents an event as a bounded whole in the past. It works well for a sequence: Llegué, compré una entrada y entré. Time expressions such as ayer, anoche and la semana pasada often provide a finished context. A long event can also use the preterite when it is viewed as a whole; duration alone does not determine the tense.

Regular -ar endings are -é, -aste, -ó, -amos, -asteis and -aron: hablé, hablaste, habló, hablamos, hablasteis, hablaron. Written accents distinguish forms such as hablo, I speak, from habló, he/she spoke. Nosotros hablamos looks the same in present and preterite, so the context carries the time distinction.

Ayer compré pan.

Yesterday I bought bread.

Clara trabajó toda la mañana.

Clara worked all morning.

Llegamos a las ocho y cenamos.

We arrived at eight and had dinner.

Try it now

Complete the completed event.

Ayer Marta ___ una entrada.

This practice is free. Your answer stays on this page.

Regular -er and -ir verbs

Regular -er and -ir verbs share preterite endings: -í, -iste, -ió, -imos, -isteis and -ieron. Comer gives comí, comiste, comió, comimos, comisteis, comieron; vivir gives viví, viviste, vivió, vivimos, vivisteis, vivieron. Keep the subject clear and say the stressed syllable carefully.

The preterite is one way to describe the past, not a replacement for every English past form. A later lesson contrasts it with the imperfect for background and habits. For now, write a short timeline with specific completed events. Avoid adding extra tense shifts until you can form the regular pattern confidently.

Comimos a las dos.

We ate at two.

Ana escribió un mensaje.

Ana wrote a message.

Viví allí durante dos años.

I lived there for two years.

Try it now

Choose the ellos preterite form of comer.

This practice is free. Your answer stays on this page.

Useful vocabulary

ayer
yesterday
anoche
last night
la semana pasada
last week

Common mistakes

  • Do not omit the accent in habló or comí.
  • A long but bounded event can use the preterite.
  • Nosotros forms such as hablamos and vivimos need context to identify the tense.

Keep these ideas

  • The preterite presents a past event as a completed whole.
  • Regular -er and -ir verbs share their preterite endings.
  • Time expressions and accents help distinguish meaning.

Use it in your life

Retell a story as a three-event timeline using primero, después and al final. Choose completed actions rather than background descriptions.

Read it in context

Look for this lesson’s ideas in a complete Spanish story. Read the passage first, then use its translations to check your understanding.

Read a public A2 story

Lesson quiz

5 equally weighted questions. Score 80% or higher to complete this lesson. You can retry as often as you need.

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